The nature of the peace either settles things or sets the conditions for the next war.

There were many meetings between the US and Russian Federation in the period following 1989-91, it was not a shooting war but it was treated by many as a victory, triumphalism was in the air. It is appropriate to look at what happened next in this context.

We poured in Marshall Aid into a defeated Germany after 1945 but left Russia to the tender mercies of gangster capitalism after 1990 – we sent naïve believers in market capitalism (with their MBAs and little wisdom) to a country that needed reconstruction, the west was party to privatisations and ignored how they were abused.

More generally generous terms are wise and harsh terms unwise; after the defeat of Napoleon in 1815, France was treated as an equal partner and included in the Congress of Vienna as an equal partner (this conception of the concert of Europe included Russia incidentally). In contrast after the defeat of France in 1870 harsh terms contributed to the arms race that led to WW1 and its settlement caused resentment in Germany after 1918.